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TCM for Menopausal Symptoms
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By
Terry Chen, L.Ac.
Recently in a
paper published in the Annals of Internal Medicine 2002;137:805-813,
authors Fredi Kronenberg, PhD and Adriane Fugh-Berman, MD made some sweeping
conclusions about the effectiveness of CAM therapies on the treatment of
menopausal symptoms. I would like to take issue primarily with their
generalizations about the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)
in treating menopausal symptoms.
Based on a total of 3 very poorly designed clinical trials, 2 on single
Chinese herbs and 1 on acupuncture, Dr's Kronenberg and Berman have downplayed
the effectiveness of TCM by lumping it into a category of herbs and CAM
therapies, that in their view, are not supported by clinical trials for the
treatment of menopausal symptoms. The conclusions drawn by the authors were
based on studies they found through a search of MEDLINE, the Alternative and
Complementary Database of the British Library and their own "extensive files."
While the authors state that they did not limit their search to
English-language literature, undoubtedly the wealth of studies that have been
done in China and Japan could have been investigated before drawing any
sweeping conclusions from such miniscule and faulty data.
The first of the 2 studies cited pertaining to the use of Chinese herbs on
menopausal symptoms focused on the use of Dang Gui (Radix Angelica Sinensis)
as a single herb for treatment of hot flashes. First of all, Dang Gui is
rarely used as a single herb by qualified practitioners of TCM for the
treatment of any condition, much less hot flashes. Why then cite a study on
Dang Gui as a single herb for the treatment of hot flashes, and then use the
results as a basis for conclusions about the effectiveness of Chinese herbs on
menopausal symptoms? Although the authors mentioned in passing that it would
be valuable to study TCM formulas in the context of TCM diagnostic methods,
such lip service is hardly sufficient to counter balance the inadequacy and
faulty use of the research cited. The authors then went on to point out the
danger of using Dang Gui concurrently with warfarin therapy. The truth is
drug-herb interactions with blood thinning agents are a real concern. Any
qualified Chinese herbalist would be fully aware of this and exercise caution
accordingly.
The second study cited focused on the use of Ginseng (Radix Ginseng), also
as a single herb, for the treatment of general menopausal symptoms and quality
of life measures. Although for certain conditions, Ginseng would more likely
be used as a single herb than Dang Gui, it would not be prescribed singly to
treat menopausal conditions. Truthfully, in order to make any valid statements
on the efficacy of Chinese herbs on menopausal symptoms, it would be not only
"interesting", it would be imperative to study TCM herbal formulas in the
context of TCM diagnostic methods.
The third and final study cited that related to TCM, focused on the use of
acupuncture to treat hot flashes. 24 menopausal women were randomly assigned
to either an electro-acupuncture group or to a control group where shallow
needle insertion was administered on the same points. Essentially then, this
study was looking at acupuncture versus electro-acupuncture on the treatment
of hot flashes. According to Dr.'s Kronenberg and Fugh-Berman, the result was
that both groups showed a significant decrease in hot flashes . Based on these
results, imagine how effective acupuncture would prove to be when administered
by qualified practitioners of TCM, using point selections individualized for
each patient, and based within the context of TCM methodology. The authors
then went on to state that acupuncture can cause occasional tissue trauma, and
in rare instances, pnuemothorax and cardiac tamponade, and possibly
transmission of hepatitis or other infectious disease. It is true that
occasional tissue trauma is the most frequent complication of acupuncture, in
other words: A bruise. As for instances of pnuemothorax and cardiac tamponade,
they are so extremely rare that malpractice insurance for acupuncturists
remains in the hundreds of dollars per year for $1,000,000 in coverage. As the
authors themselves mention, the standard use of disposable needles in the U.S.
eliminates any danger of the transmission of infectious disease.
The bottom line is that to date, not a lot of good research has been done
on TCM in the United States, due primarily to a lack of funding. In spite of
this, TCM has been refined and practiced for thousands of years to good
effect, and to the benefit of millions of people over hundreds of generations.
As TCM gains wider acceptance in the United States, patient testimony and
consumer demand alone are ranking acupuncture and the use of Chinese herbs as
an effective and safe alternative treatment for many women's health issues,
including menopausal symptoms. While it is extremely difficult to devise
randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials that can
accurately reflect the effectiveness of TCM on menopausal symptoms, this
research is forthcoming and will undoubtedly bear out the effectiveness of
this time-tested tradition. In light of the early discontinuation of the
National Institutes of Health's (NIH) study on hormone-replacement therapy in
July of this year, it is crucial that the benefits of TCM on menopausal
symptoms be recognized. The NIH study was halted early due to findings of
slightly increased risk of heart disease, blood clots, stroke and breast
cancer.
By all indications, medicine in the 21st century is moving toward an
integrative model that will encompass the best of all traditions. As consumer
awareness and discernment continues to increase, practitioners of medicine
from all fields are being called upon to embody the pure motives and ethical
standards that have been codified in both the Hippocratic oath, and The Yellow
Emperor's Classic of Medicine. In other words, the health and safety of the
public should always be more important than money, even multi-billion dollar
pharmaceutical industries. Yes more research needs to be done in the field of
TCM, but unfortunately it is not all that lucrative to prove the effectiveness
of such natural and benign therapies. The research will be done however, as it
is the nature of all true and good things to eventually be revealed for what
they are. As practitioners of medicine, it's time to clarify what our motives
are. It's time for us to put all misinformation and squabbling aside and stand
together as the leaders we have promised the world we would be.
Terry Chen holds a Bachelor's degree in behavioral science
as well as a Master's degree in Acupuncture and Traditional Chinese Medicine.
He has worked in the mental health field for the past seven years. |
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